GIBBSITE
GIBBSITE
Wenshan, Yunnan Province,
CHINA
Al(OH)3
Crystal: Monoclinic
Hardness:2.5 - 3
Sp.G.: 2.38 - 2.42
Cleavage: Perfect
Fracture: Irregular, Uneven
Colour: White, light gray,
light green, reddish white;
reddish yellow (impure)
Lustre: Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous,
Pearly, Dull, Earthy
Named by John Torrey in 1822 in honor of Colonel George Gibbs [January 7, 1777, Newport, RI - August 5, 1834, Sunswick Farms, NY], of Newport, Rhode Island, USA. Gibbs was a wealthy import merchant who was a geologist and mineralogist. He helped found early scientific societies for mineralogy and geology and wrote several scientific articles on geology, mineralogy, and agriculture. He amassed the finest mineral collection in the USA up to the 1810's. The collection was eventually purchased by Yale University where it was an excellent nucleus for its research and museum collection. Gibbsite, Al(OH)3, is one of the mineral forms of aluminium hydroxide. It is often designated as γ-Al(OH)3 (but sometimes as α-Al(OH)3.). It is also sometimes called hydrargillite (or hydrargyllite). Gibbsite is an important ore of aluminium in that it is one of three main phases that make up the rock bauxite. Gibbsite has three named structural polymorphs or polytypes: bayerite, doyleite, and nordstrandite. Gibbsite can be monoclinic or triclinic, while bayerite is monoclinic. Doyleite and nordstrandite are triclinic forms. Gibbsite is interesting for another reason because it is often found as a part of the structure of other minerals. The neutral aluminium hydroxide sheets are found sandwiched between silicate sheets in important clay groups: the illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite/smectite groups. The individual aluminium hydroxide layers are identical to the individual layers of gibbsite and are referred to as the gibbsite layers. This mineral is found in an important commercial ore, Bauxite, which is the world's main source of Aluminum and Gallium. Gibbsite is founbd worldwide, with major localities including China, Norway, Brazil, Jamaica, and the U.S.A. Reference: Wikipedia Stone of Connectivity A great stone for you if you need help making decisions. Promotes spontaneity. Helping you to see the bigger picture in things. Helps you to be non-judgemental of others.
Zodiac: None Known |
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